What is the approximate average ocean depth along the continental shelves bordering north america?

Awoman stands a distance d from a loud motor that emits sound uniformly in all directions. the sound intensity at her position is an uncomfortable 2.0×10-3 w/m2. at a distance 2.6 times as far from the motor, what are (a) the sound intensity and (b) the sound intensity level relative to the threshold of hearing?

Two polarizers are oriented at 40∘ to each other and plane-polarized light is incident on them. if only 16 percent of the light gets through both of them, what was the initial polarization direction of the incident light?

What are similarities and differences between refraction, reflection, diffraction and absorption?