Star X has an apparent magnitude of 1. Star Y has an apparent magnitude of 4. Both stars are in the same star cluster. Which star is more intrinsically luminous and by what factor

When can a theory be modified if a new type of technology allows for new observations that raise new questions? a-immediately, while the questions about the theory are being asked b-after new hypotheses related to the theory are tested in experiments c-only after the new observations disprove all parts of the theory d-while scientists begin to think about how the theory could improve