Which path would the laser take when entering the water from air?
brown or black

In 1995 a research group led by eric cornell and carl wiemann at the university of colorado successfully cooled rubidium atoms to the 20-200 nk temperature range. assuming (incorrectly) that the rubidium atoms behave liké particles of a classical ideal gas, calculate the rms speed of a rubidium atom at a temperature of 112.0 nk. in the experiments one particular isotope of rubidium was used, rubidium-87. the molar mass of this isotope is 86.91 q/mol. tries 0/20 submit answer

Two polarizers are oriented at 40∘ to each other and plane-polarized light is incident on them. if only 16 percent of the light gets through both of them, what was the initial polarization direction of the incident light?

An ideal gas is held in a container at constant volume. initially, its temperature is 5 degrees c and its pressure is 1.2 atm. what is its pressure when its temperature is 43 degrees c? answer in units of atm