What are the disadvantages and advantages for electromagnetic spectrum​

These models show the electron structures of two different nonmetal elements. which element is likely more reactive, and why? element 1 is more reactive because it has fewer electron shells and is toward the top of its group on the periodic table. element 1 is more reactive because it has more electrons in its valence shell and is farther to the right on the periodic table. element 2 is more reactive because it does not have a valence shell close to the nucleus, so it will attract electrons. element 2 is more reactive because it does not have a full valence shell, so it will attract electrons.

How would you place two electrons on a sphere of radius r so that the electrostatic potential energy is minimized. how would you place three electrons to solve the same problem.

Aparticle of mass m is projected with an initial velocity v0 in a direction making an angle α with the horizontal level ground as shown in the figure. the motion of the particle occurs under a uniform gravitational field g pointing downward. (a) write down the lagrangian of the system by using the cartesian coordinates (x, y). (b) is there any cyclic coordinate(s). if so, interpret it (them) physically. (c) find the euler-lagrange equations. find at least one constant of motion. (d) solve the differential equation in part (c) and obtain x and y coordinates of the projectile as a function of time. (e) construct the hamiltonian of the system, h, and write down the hamilton’s equations (canonical equations) of motion.