A 3.1-mole sample of an ideal gas is gently heated at constant temperature 320 K. It expands from initial volume 23 L to final volume V2. A total of 1.7 kJ of heat is added during the expansion process. What is V2? Let the ideal-gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol • K).

From the ideal gas law,

PV = nRT   ==>   P = nRT/V

where P is the pressure exerted by the gas on the container. The work W done by this pressure as the volume of the gas changes from V₁ to V₂ is given by the integral,

and solving for V₂ gives

If you add 1.7 kJ of heat to the system, which does the aforementioned work, the gas will expand to a volume of

unbalanced force

explanation: