describe how heat energy can be transferred to either kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy

Potential energy can transfer into other forms of energy like kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is energy an object has because of its motion. ... If released, as the ball moves faster and faster toward the ground, the force of gravity will transfer the potential energy to kinetic energy.

On a microscopic scale, conduction occurs as rapidly moving or vibrating atoms and molecules interact with neighboring particles, transferring some of their kinetic energy. Heat is transferred by conduction when adjacent atoms vibrate against one another, or as electrons move from one atom to another.