A converging lens has how many focal points

Light that is polarized along the vertical direction is incident on a sheet of polarizing material. only 96% of the intensity of the light passes through the sheet and strikes a second sheet of polarizing material. no light passes through the second sheet. what angle does the transmission axis of the second sheet make with the vertical?

If 2 moles of co_2 at 2l and 500k are expanded reversibly to 20l, more work can be obtained from an adiabatic process than from an isothermal process. is the above statement true or false?

Estimate the change in the gibbs energy and molar gibbs energy of 1.0dm3 of octane when the pressure acting on it is increased from 1.0 atm to 100 atm. the mass density of octane is 0.703 g cm−3