The diagram shows changes of state between solid, liquid, and gas. the atoms of a substance gain energy during a change of state. before the change, the atoms are close together and cannot slide past one another. after the change, the substance can fill its container. which arrow represents the change of state described above? l m n o

Sobre transformações cíclicas, são feitas algumas afirmações, determine quais estão corretas. i – a variação de energia interna em uma transformação cíclica é nula; ii – o trabalho, em uma transformação cíclica, é sempre positivo; iii – ao completar um ciclo, o gás tem a mesma temperatura com a qual começou a transformação; iv – uma transformação cíclica é, obrigatoriamente, composta de transformações conhecidas, como adiabática, isocórica, etc: a) i e iii b) i e ii c) ii e iii d) i e iv e) iii e iv

Global warming will produce rising sea levels partly due to melting ice caps but also due to the expansion of water as average ocean temperatures rise. to get some idea of the size of this effect, calculate the change in length (in m) of a column of water 1.45 km high for a temperature increase of 1.12°c. assume the column is not free to expand sideways. as a model of the ocean, that is a reasonable approximation, as only parts of the ocean very close to

The heater element of a 120 v toaster is a 5.4 m length of nichrome wire, whose diameter is 0.48 mm. the resistivity of nichrome at the operating temperature of the toaster is 1.3 × 10-6 ω·m. the toaster is operated at a voltage of 120 v. (a) what is the power drawn by the toaster? (b) if the cost of electricity is 12 ¢ per kilowatt-hour, and it takes 2 minutes to toast bread, how much does it cost for toasted bread? (c) when the heater element is at room temperature, is the resistivity in the nichrome wire greater than, less than, or equal to it’s resistivity when at operating temperature? explain.