Frank wrote several statements to summarize the relationship between the first and second laws of thermodynamics. 1 - thermal energy is conserved. 2 - some thermal energy is lost and some is used to do work. 3 - thermal energy flows from areas of higher to lower temperatures. 4 - thermal energy can be transferred and transformed.

Asquare isothermal chip is of width w=5 mm on a side and is mounted in a substrate such that its side and back surfaces are well insulated; the front surface is exposed to the flow of a coolant at tinf=15 °c. from reliability considerations, the chip temperature must not exceed t=85 °c. if the coolant is air and the corresponding convection coefficient is h=200 w/m2 x k, what is the maximum allowable "power" of the chip? if the coolant is a liquid for which h=3000 w/m2 x k, what is the maximum allowable power of the chip?