When a gun is fired at the shooting range, the gun recoils (moves backward). explain this using the law of conservation of momentum

The total momentum is unchanged according to the law of conservation of momentum. When the gun is fired, the bullet gains a high velocity forward (positive velocity), and that velocity multiplied by its mass is the momentum the bullet gains. Therefore, the gun must gain a momentum backwards to cancel out that momentum forward, so the gun recoils back with a negative velocity.

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