Seasonal changes in water temperature tend to remain within a narrow range. this is opposed to air temperature, which tends to fluctuate across a wide range. the relative stability of ocean temperatures to regulate the temperatures of coastal regions. why can water remain within a narrow range of temperatures?

It is because of the high specific heat of water.

Specific heat is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of unit mass of a substance by one degree.

Specific heat of water is 4.186 kJ/kg K and that of air is 1 kJ/kg K. Thus, a given amount of heat will cause more change in the temperature of air than that of water.

this allows people to make the best decision or pursue the best option. when alternatives are weighed using their advantages and disadvantages, the option whose disadvantages outweigh the advantages (based on a qualitative or quantitative analysis) are shunned while those whose advantages outweigh their disadvantages are pursued.  

answer: at 24 february, 2014 the population gets twice of its initial population.

explanation:

since we have given that

the population for alpha city, t years after january 1, 2004 is given as

first we find out the initial population, i.e. t=0,

so, our quadratic equation becomes,

according to question, we have said that if the population has twice its initial population, then it becomes

so, time taken to reach this above mentioned population is given by

now, we know that time can't be negative so, we take t=9.149 years.

hence, at 24 february, 2014 the population gets twice of its initial population.