Describe the four shading techniques

1. Cross hatching

With cross hatching you are drawing parallel lines, varying the direction of    the lines and layering them to obtain different intensity of shading.

2. Hatching with parallel lines

Hatching with parallel lines is the same as cross hatching, except you are making all the lines go in the same direction. It is a bit more time consuming than cross hatching but can lead to interesting results.

3. Contour lines

Contour lines can be done in many different ways but basically the idea is to have the lines follow the shape of what you are drawing.

4. Scribbles

Scribbling is a fun way to shade a drawing and it goes fast!

Scribble drawings shading works particularly well for portraits and still life.

answer: the mildest forms of push polling are designed merely to remind voters of a particular issue. for instance, a push poll might ask respondents to rank candidates based on their support of an issue in order to get voters thinking about that issue. many push polls are negative attacks on other candidates.