Word Bank for #4-8: Read the passage and fill in the blanks using the following terms. Diploid
Genetic variability
Haploid
Meiosis

Explanation:

TermMeaning

GameteA sex cell (in humans: sperm for males, and eggs for females)

MeiosisA two-step process of cell division that is used to make gametes (sex cells)

Crossing overProcess in which homologous chromosomes trade parts

InterphasePhase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA

Homologous chromosomesSet of chromosomes (one from each parent), that are very similar to one another and have the same size/shape

Sister chromatidsTwo halves of a duplicated chromosome

Diploid (2n)Cell that contains two sets of homologous chromosomes

Haploid (n)Cell that contains only a single set of genes

Meiosis

The purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes, or sex cells. During meiosis, four daughter cells are produced, each of which are haploid (containing half as many chromosomes as the parent cell).

Stages of meiosis

Meiosis contains two separate cell divisions, meaning that one parent cell can produce four gametes (eggs in females, sperm in males). In each round of division, cells go through four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

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