Aresearcher decides to measure the concept of parental discipline by the use of spanking. this decision illustrates the process of:

A researcher decides to measure the concept of parental discipline by the use of spanking. This decision illustrates the process of validating. Validating is the action one takes when they want to make check and see if something has actually happened. In this case, the researcher wants to validate the concept of parental discipline by spanking when a child is in trouble.