Alexis de tocqueville described the essence of american politics as

Alexis de tocqueville described the essence of american politics as "the shared values of its citizens".

French sociologist and political theorist Alexis de Tocqueville  (1805-1859) flew out to the United States in 1831 to think about its jails and came back with an abundance of more extensive perceptions that he arranged in "Democracy in America" (1835), a standout amongst the most powerful books of the nineteenth century. With its trenchant perceptions on fairness and independence, Tocqueville's work remains a significant clarification of America to Europeans and of Americans to themselves.  

Alexis de Tocqueville said about the "essence of american politics"  that America concentrated on correspondence and had similar qualities however Europeans concentrated on shape and capacity.

"The shared values of its citizens", is the right answer.

Explanation:

Alexis de Tocqueville was a diplomat, historian and political scientist from France. Democracy in America and The Old Regime and the Revolution are his two most influential work. In both of his work, he examined the enhanced living models and social conditions of people as well as their connection to the business and state in Western communities. When it came to the "essence of American politics"  he explained that America converged on correspondence and had comparable features and by this, he explained that the shared values of its citizens, is the essence of the American politics.

"harry t. moore (1905-1951) – civil rights activist, leader, and the first martyr of the civil rights movement. fannie lou hamer (1917–1977) – leader in the american civil rights movement; co-founder of the national women's political caucus and freedom democratic party. james farmer (1920–1999) – congress of racial equality."

  a) written constitution. also known as magna carta and a necessity of the democracies that form federations to regulate the principles by which the government will be governed, because if they had to act without a body of specific laws would produce confrontations.

b) territorial division. federalism is constituted by the division of powers on the geographical basis of each territory.

c) decentralization. in a federal system there is both a central government and units of government lower than the central one, each making decisions regarding the provision of certain public services in their respective geographical jurisdictions.

d) supreme court of justice. to counteract the rigidity of the written constitution, judicial action is required to interpret said constitution and necessary changes can be made.