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make a list of four or five major cities around the world and then locate them on a map. what are the likely strategic or economic reasons for their locations? do their locations share common characteristics?

Remark

Judging by your past questions, you should be picking cities like Rome and Athens for sure, then two others of your choice. Rome is a very interesting place to start. Why do cities begin as they do and evolve to something else?

Rome has a very long ancient history, as we've established. How did she begin or why and did she evolve? Yes she did.

Rome began as port surrounded by hills with a nearby river. The river supplied water and the port provided a trading hub. That's usually the reason cities start. They need fresh water. They need protection. They need a ready market for the commerce created by the port.

It takes manpower to load and unload ships or service caravans or whatever comes to the trading hub.

The manpower need to have places to stay. They need a source of food, enough money to pay for housing. Later on when Rome grew as a military power, more of her resources were spent on the army and navy. Though this sounds rather cynical, it also needs a base population that it can tax to supply this army and navy. So a huge merchant class is usually created to provide for the citizens living in Rome.

Do other cities follow the same pattern? Consider some others.

Where I live, there are two major cities -- Calgary and Edmonton. Edmonton is north of Calgary.

Edmonton

Edmonton is called the gateway to the north. It's main industries are oil refining and education and air support for the goods and services for places like Whitehorse NWT which is primarily a mining community. Edmonton has a river running through it: it does not have to be well protected. There is no history of people trying to conquer it.  It has a long history of people trading up and down the river. (Most of that has been replaced by air lifts). There are no sleds and sled dogs parked outside local bars. Edmonton has a University and several colleges. It also has a technical institute (which employs 11000). The population is about 1 million.  All 5 cities that you pick are going to have a similar geography and a similar history of how the city developed.

answer; adjusting and adapting to a culture other than one's own;