What are people called that don't have a political party affiliation?

Pollution from a factory that produces cleaning products is an_

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What impact did improvements in farming technology near the end of the nineteenth century have on the american economy? a. more energy was needed to power equipment, creating the renewable energy industry. b. less labor was necessary on farms, leading workers to pursue other jobs. c. less money was invested in farming as many locally owned farms went bankrupt. d. more demand for agricultural products reduced the price of food and animal products.