Asystem of exchange whereby one good/service is given in return for another; bartering does not require monetary exchange
question 1 options:

trade

bartering
question 2 (1 point)

an economic model wherein government planners make all business and financial decisions.
question 2 options:

market economy

command economy
question 3 (1 point)

an economic model used by governments to determine what should be produced/provided in terms of goods and services, how, and for whom.
question 3 options:

free enterprise

economic system
question 4 (1 point)

the (or capitalist) model places economic decisions in the hands of the people and the law of supply and demand dictate what goods/services are produced/provided, at what price, etc.
question 4 options:

command

market
question 5 (1 point)

the required amount of a specific good that must be produced in a given time frame.
question 5 options:

production quota

subsistence
question 6 (1 point)

an economic model governed by custom, habit, and history.
question 6 options:

traditional economy

command economy
question 7 (1 point)

the capacity of private citizens to create new businesses independent of government direction or intervention.
question 7 options:

entrepreneurship

free enterprise
question 8 (1 point)

the creation, maintenance, and expansion of businesses outside the control or influence of the government.
question 8 options:

production quota

free enterprise
question 9 (1 point)

producing only what is necessary for personal use/survival
question 9 options:

subsistence

free enterprise
question 10 (1 point)

a 0-100 scale which ranks world economies from most command-leaning (0) to most market-leaning (100).
question 10 options:

free enterprise

economic continuum

Not sure, but thanks for the free points! :D

clearcutting reproduces a new even-aged stand by completely removing the mature stand.

clearcutting as a silvicultural treatment has several characteristics:

it causes a sudden environmental change

it removes the seed source from the regeneration area

the configuration of the clearcut may affect seed dispersal

it begins a new rotation

it will eliminate some pests that require forest cover

overall, it temporarily removes the forest cover, transforming the forest community and environment.

clearcutting followed by artificial (seeded or planted) regeneration has several advantages:

we can avoid delay in restocking the site

we can introduce a selected species, seed source, and genotype

we can control arrangement and spacing

we can achieve uniformity in the new stand

we can overcome the problems associated with securing sufficient natural regeneration.

the shelterwood method involves the removal of most of the mature stand at the end of the rotation, but a portion of the mature stand is left standing.   the shelterwood method serves three basic purposes:

to prepare the stand for production of abundant seed

to modify the environment in a way that promotes germination and survival of the selected species

to build up the amount and size of advance regeneration to ensure the prompt restocking of the new stand following overstory removal.

the shelterwood method involves a sequence of 3 cuttings:

preparatory cuttings: make the seed trees more vigorous and set the stage for regeneration. see our thinning page for more information.

establishment/seed cuttings: open up enough vacant growing space to allow establishment of the new regeneration.

removal cuttings: uncover the new crop to allow it to fill the growing space.

the residual trees in the shelterwood must:

be sturdy and windfirm

be able to survive exposure

flower and reproduce seed

be the best trees of the mature stand

keep in mind that the shelter trees must not occupy the entire site.   a void must be created in order to make room for the new regeneration. the amount of shelter to leave will depend on the following factors:

species characteristics (seeding and shelter requirements)

the number of cuttings in the cutting sequence (1, 2, or 3)

landowner objectives

the size of the area to be regenerated

the final removal harvest level required to be profitable

the shelter must be removed before it impedes the growth of the new stand or threatens its survival.

answer; archaeologists;