Gerrymandering can thwart the purpose of single-member district elections because a. districts can be drawn with little regard for partisanship. b. districts can be drawn favoring one political party. c. districts can be drawn based solely on race or religion. d. districts can be drawn based solely on property value.

B.districts can be drawn favoring one political party

Gerrymandering is problematic as it removes the inherent fairness from elections in that it makes the outcome almost a foregone conclusion.

the fourth amendment protects:

"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."  

so this would mean the denial to search and seizure without warrant or permission.

for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.