All of the following are part of the official jurisdiction of the federal courts except
a. treaties with other nations.
b. federal statutes.
c. cases involving the u. s. constitution.
d. cases involving citizens of more than one state where less than $75,000 is at stake.
e. any case in which the u. s. government is party.

All of the following are part of the official jurisdiction of the federal courts EXCEPT

a. treaties with other nations.

Explanation:

Official jurisdiction of the federal courts include cases involving the following: federal statutes (laws); cases involving the U.S. Constitution; cases involving citizens of more than one state where less than $75,000 is at stake; and/or any case in which the U.S. government is party.

Treaties with other nations can only be made by the President and ratified by a two-thirds vote in the Senate.

q1: artillery

q2: simon bolivar

q3:   their workers and farmers demanded a return to spanish rule.

q4: drafted new constitutions

q5: oligarchies have replaced monarchies