Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. when she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. in the adjoining room martha's classmate karen is also participating in the study. karen receives a can of alcoholic beer. if the experiment was designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, then who is exposed to the independent variable?

Martha

Explanation:

Independent variables are the additional things included in the research that is used to measure the effects of the main focus of the research (effect of the alcohol.

From the case above, we know martha is given non-alcoholic beverages.

Subject This non-alcohol beverages is used by the researchers as a representation of 'normal state' that is used to measures the intensity of the effects among subjects who actually receive the alcohol.

answer; i believe that the correct answer is ( troxel v. granville);

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