"a researcher who examines the relationship between individuals' tooth flossing frequency and the incidence of heart disease in these individuals is using the research design."

"Correlation"

Explanation:

According to the information given to us in the statement we can see that the researcher is using a "Correlation Research Design" when making his investigation. This specific technique of research uses two different variable and investigates the relationship between them as well as the similarities and differences they have, without any outside variables interfering with the investigation.

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facts: the 14th amendment

the 14th amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws.

the 14th amendment was intended to protect the rights of former slaves after the american civil war.

the 14th amendment was approved by congress in june of 1866 and ratified by the states on july 9, 1868.

the 14th amendment establishes that all persons born in the united states are citizens and are guaranteed all the rights of citizenship.

the 14th amendment establishes that the law protects all citizens equally.

in this case the passage of the 14th amendment   that was violated was the last part in which it states that there is equal protection of the law.