Suppose that cigarette smokers create a negative externality. further suppose that the government imposes a tax on cigarettes equal to the per-unit externality. what is the relationship between the after-tax equilibrium quantity and the socially optimal quantity of cigarettes?

no , per capita income is not a true measure of the development because: -it only tells us about average income not how income is distributed among the people.it only give us an idea of the economic aspect.it is only at the qualitative basis.moreover, income is not only the way of development other factors are also as much as important as income.

d.) continue to rise rapidly

d - failures.

the only attempted british colony in north america before 1600 was roanoke, virginia, which was a total failure. england claimed several areas, including newfoundland, but made no sustainable attempts to colonize them before 1600.