Asports psychologist observed the behavior of fans during an especially violent hockey game. he found that as the game progressed, spectators became more belligerent and hostile, not less. these findings present a direct challenge to the assumption that reduces aggression.

These findings present a direct challenge to the assumption that vicariously discharging aggressive impulses reduces aggression.

Explanation:

Some professionals think that people can reduce stress and diminish their feeling of anger by practising sports. Also, they think rough sports are commonly seen as a vicarious way of discharging agressive impulses. This is because spectators feel identified with the athlete, but in the example mentioned before, this theory proved to be inconsistent.

d - failures.

the only attempted british colony in north america before 1600 was roanoke, virginia, which was a total failure. england claimed several areas, including newfoundland, but made no sustainable attempts to colonize them before 1600.