Is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or for other arbitrary reasons.

 The correct answer is :  Discrimination

Explanation:  Discrimination is also the denial of equal opportunities and rights within the institutions of a society. People can be discriminated against based on their age, sex, gender, race, ethnicity and sexual orientation. Prejudices and discrimination benefit the dominant group.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

manifest functions are the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern, while latent functions are those unrecognized and unintended consequences. to analyze the manifest functions of any social institution, we have to study its contribution to the continuation of a group, community, or society.