Kim finishes a big project for school and treats herself to a coffee and piece of cake at starbucks. this is an example of

intrapersonal gifting

Explanation:

According to my research on studies conducted by various psychologists, I can say that based on the information provided within the question this is an example of intrapersonal gifting. This is the act of an individual giving themselves a gift, usually as a prize for accomplishing something that is important to that individual.

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mali had been a state inside of the ghanaian empire. after ghana fell because of invading forces and internal disputes, mali rose to greatness under the leadership of a legendary king named sundiata, the "lion king." the songhai empire, already weakened by internal political struggles, went into decline.

i believe the answer is:   psychological  experiment

in this experiment, wilhelm wundt became the first person that implement scientific method in analyzing the pyschological phenomenon.

due to this result, wilhelm wundt also able to make psychology to be acknowledged as a separate scientific field from biology.