In her landmark work states and social revolutions, theda skocpol argued that international competition with rival states leads weaker states to seek reform, but these reforms destabilize elite power and sow discord in the public. this fits best with what explanation for political violence?

the answer is:

c. economic output

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.

answer; repetitive thoughts; ritualistic behaviors;

answer; foreign services officers;