Which place is considered the cradle of western civilization?

What did populists set their sights on after achieving some success on a local level in the late 1800s?

What is douglass's purpose in the speech "the hypocrisy of american slavery, july 4, 1852" ? how does douglass reveal his purpose to the reader?

William golding was greatly influenced by his environmental circumstances. cite some of those influences as mentioned in the article.