Dr. hsieh is grading her student's essays, and is able to read all of them despite the fact that each is submitted with different handwriting. because she expects to see letters forming words and words forming sentences, her perception of the written works is guided by processing

Because she expects to see letters forming words and words forming sentences, her perception of the written works is guided by perceptual processing.

Explanation:

The perceptual process is the psychological steps that Dr. Hsieh uses to organize and interprete diverse information from the essays. She uses her perception of the wirtten works to select objects (words), she organizes them (sentences), she interprets the perceptions (she understands/reads the written idea).

disorders of the brain include both behavior disorders and other psychiatric illnesses. the primary difference between a behavior disorder and another type of psychiatric disorder is the presence of choice. psychiatric conditions are considered to be involuntary while in behavior disorders, choices are essential.

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.