1. retailing is defined as: a. any exchange of cash and/or credit for goods or services between channel members. b. a fairly stable and unchanging industry that has a major impact on society. c. the final activities and steps needed to place merchandise made elsewhere into the hands of the consumer or to provide services to the consumer. d. the sale of any good or service by the producer to a channel member. e. the activities and steps needed to transfer goods and/or services between channel members.