"although ryan typically smokes two packs of cigarettes each day, he recalls smoking only a little more than one pack per day. his poor memory best illustrates:
a) the misinformation effect.
b) motivated forgetting.
c) source amnesia.
d) retroactive interference."

Option (B)

Explanation:

Motivated forgetting is referred as or known as a psychological behavior that is mostly theorized , under which individuals tend to forget most of the unwanted memories, this is either done unconsciously or consciously. It is referred to as or known as an example of the defense mechanism, because there are known to be conscious or unconscious or coping methods and techniques which are used in order to reduce the anxiety that mostly arise from an unacceptable or a potentially dangerous impulses.

c it has to be i googled it

answer; a splinter party;