Central to judaism is a. monotheism or the belief in only one god (hence the term is normally capitalized) b. polytheism or the belief in many gods c. henotheism or the belief in the plurality of gods, which includes the elevation of one god to a special or higher status d. pantheism or the belief that the divine is identical to nature or the material world.

a. monotheism or the belief in only one god (hence the term is normally capitalized

Explanation:

Judaism made a shift at a time where the world had polytheistic beliefs.

The origins of Judaism can be traced back to 3500 years ago as a promise was given to Abraham by God, where he was to be made father of nations. This is called the first covenant.

When Judaism emerged, a single powerful god opposed to mainstream pagan religions of the time and the tenet beliefs gave origin later to Christianity and Islam.

The three major religions monotheistic are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Believing in one god was uncommon , and the faith that guides Judaism continues to exist today even though that most religions of that time are no longer practiced.

The concept of a God being above all things and in control of everything became a belief universal to the monotheistic religions.