Which of the following is not true about capitalism? a) capitalistic economies tend to be somewhat more collectively oriented rather than individualistically oriented. b) very little role for government exists in a purely capitalistic or ""free market"" economic system. c) individual gains and losses of wealth can be very large. d) capitalism refers to an economic system where businesses are privately owned with a strong individualistic profit orientation.

The authors of the paper "fudging the numbers: distributing chocolate influences student evaluations of an undergraduate course"† carried out a study to see if events unrelated to an undergraduate course could affect student evaluations. students enrolled in statistics courses taught by the same instructor participated in the study. all students attended the same lectures and one of six discussion sections that met once a week. at the end of the course, the researchers chose three of the discussion sections to be the "chocolate group." students in these three sections were offered chocolate prior to having them fill out course evaluations. students in the other three sections were not offered chocolate. the researchers concluded that "overall, students offered chocolate gave more positive evaluations than students not offered chocolate." indicate whether the study is an observational study or an experiment. give a brief explanation for your choice.