The data showed that every single person sitting in the front row of each of these classesreceived an "a" on the first test. the young woman was given an "f" by bothinstructors. your friends felt vindicated as the results of their work supports theirconclusion that the two professors are "out to get this young woman."the methodemployed to consider whether or not the two professors were biased against this student:
a. is an example of thinking by imitation.
b. is based on faith.
c. is an example of scientific methodology.
d. is an example of argumentative reasoning.

Option D

Explanation: In simple words, argumentative reasoning refers to the methodology under which an individual tries to reach a conclusion fro an issue by using some kind of logical and scientific study.

In the given case, the professors gave low grades to a woman and the individuals in the case made a study which suggested that there decision was biased.

Hence from the above we can conclude that the correct option is D.

question - in 1827, john walker, a druggist in a small english town, tipped a splint with sulphur, chlorate of potash, and sulphid of antimony, and rubbed it on sandpaper, and it burst into flame. the druggist had discovered the first friction-chemical match, the kind we use to-day. it is called friction-chemical because it is made by mixing certain chemicals together and rubbing them. although walker's match did not require the bottle of acid, nevertheless it was not a good one. it could be lighted only by hard rubbing, and it sputtered and threw fire in all directions. in a few years, however, phosphorus was substituted on the tip for antimony, and the change worked wonders. the match could now be lighted with very little rubbing, and it was no longer necessary to have sandpaper upon which to rub it. it would ignite when rubbed on any dry surface, and there was no longer any sputtering. this was the phosphorus match, the match with which we are so familiar. according the paragraph what was the benefit of the new phosphorus match? it burst into flame when rubbed on sandpaper. it was made by mixing chemicals. it could be ignited on any dry surface. it threw fire in all directions.

answer - matches required natural chemicals