In the presence of a tone/light cue, pigeons were trained to press a foot treadle to gain access to food or to avoid footshock. subsequent investigations determined that responding in appetitive situations is more likely to be controlled by visual cues; responding in aversive situations by auditory cues. this demonstrates that

 the type of reinforcement is a determinant of stimulus control

Explanation:

                     Appetitive situations are such which the situation that requires to fulfill the body needs. Appetitive situations are mainly controlled by visuals indications or cues. For example, when we are hungry, by seeing food makes us feel more hungry which is increases the effectiveness of food.

                  And aversive situations are considered as unpleasant stimuli that makes us to change our nature or behavior through positive punishment or negative reinforcement .

                 Thus this stimuli demonstrates the type of reinforcement which affects the outcome of any stimulus control.

Hence the answer is --

"  the type of reinforcement is a determinant of stimulus control "

A  determinant of stimulus control is the type of reinforcement.  

Explanation:

Reinforcement: it is the phenomenon that is being used in ope-rant conditioning or instrumental conditioning. It is basically about to increase the likelihood of the behavior. Reinforcement is being used in educational psychology as well as experimental psychology.  

Type of reinforcement

Positive reinforcement: It is about adding something new to increase the likelihood of the behavior.

Negative reinforcement: It is remove something to increase the behavior.

i think the answer is true : ))

the question deals with financial planning and the answer is that dan did not stay on budget due to the fact that this guy needs to start decreasing his discretionary spending. according to the financial plan, he needed to balance his expenses and resources.