The practice of developing reasonably challenging budgets tend to :
a. discourage and creative thinking as there is very little room for error
b. increase anxiety without motivation not meeting them is viewed as a failure
c. set unrealistic expectations and are perceived as overly ambitious and unachievable
d. motivate improved performance as employees work more intensely to avoid failure

D. motivate improved performance as employees work more intensely to avoid failure                              

Explanation:

Budgets in an organization is the strategies to which company uses to achieve its goal. It also helps to reorganized their strategies and plans towards the goal and optimizes the resources available.

It is to coordinate the strategies and plans to implement a plan.

It is the initial plan that the company intends to achieve in a period accounting to both financing and operating decisions.

Organization tries to develop challenging budgets to motivate the employees  to improve their performance to avoid failure. It is the end product of negotiation as the management wants more output while the subordinates want easy targets to complete.

Thus it is used as a motivation to improve performance.

Therefore the answer is ---

D. motivate improved performance as employees work more intensely to avoid failure

in the united states a public policy is an agreed upon way that our federal, state, or local government fulfills its responsibilities, such as protecting the rights of individuals and promoting the welfare of all the people. some public policies are written into laws by legislatures. other policies are contained in rules and regulations created by executive branches of government, the branches responsible for carrying out and enforcing laws.

the following are examples of public policies and the governmental agencies responsible for carrying them out.

school districts are responsible for making policies regarding student behavior and discipline. teachers and school administrators enforce these policies. state legislatures are responsible for making laws that place speed limits on drivers. police officers enforce these laws. city governments often adopt policies that prohibit people from operating liquor stores near public schools. city inspectors and zoning departments enforce these policies.

when people become aware of problems in their communities, they often want government to develop and carry out policies to deal with those problems. these may be problems for which there are

existing policies or laws that do not work well,

existing policies or laws that are not being enforced,

no policies or laws.

as a citizen of the united states you have a right to say what you think government should do about problems in your community. you also have a right to say what you think about problems in your state, the nation, and about international problems. you have the right to try to influence the decisions people in your government make about all of those problems.

to be able to participate effectively, however, citizens need to know which levels of government and which governmental agencies are responsible for changing, enforcing, or developing a specific public policy. for example, state legislatures may direct agencies to enact policies resulting from federal legislation. or, local governments may create policies in order to carry out responsibilities assigned to them through laws enacted at the state or federal level. additionally, as part of the process of developing and implementing policy, governmental agencies must determine if the new policy conflicts with existing legislation or policy.

this project is intended to you learn how to express your opinions, how to decide which level of government and which agency is most appropriate for dealing with the problem you identify, and how to influence policy decisions at that level of government. it calls for you to work cooperatively with others in your class and, with the of your teacher and adult volunteers, to accomplish the following tas

answer; traffic,pedestrians,parked vehicles and intersections;