Court decisions that strike down laws or administrative policies that are considered to be reverse discrimination are based on

   Equal Protection Clause under the 14th Amendment

Explanation:  The Equal Protection Clause, as part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, was enacted after the Civil War, more precisely this clause became effective in 1868. The Fourteenth Amendment, together with this clause, guarantees that every state will have to respect the law equally to all, and no one will be denied equality before the law. In other words, every state is prohibited from sentencing any person to death, imprisonment or confiscation of property, without legal process.

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