Kalim wants to study the effectiveness of a new teaching method. he includes two teachers of a class in the experiment. one teacher uses the new method of teaching, and the other teacher uses the old method. at the end of the semester, he finds that students who were taught in the new way had higher grades than students taught in the old way. what is the confounding variable?

The answer is the two teachers.

Explanation:

In this example, it's possible that the students had higher grades because of different factors, most likely the other teacher's personality. If the experiment was to be truly effective and valid, Kalim should have used the same teacher for both methods. This is an important factor for ensuring research validity.  

answer; i believe its   (india); this is the correct answer; /// good luck

in an absolute  monarchy, the  monarchrules as an autocrat, with absolutepower  over the state and government — for example, the right to rule by decree, promulgate laws, and impose punishments. the  monarch isnominally sovereign but the electorate, through their legislature, exercise political sovereignty.