Josh evaluates kandi’s performance and gives her an "outstanding" based on his knowledge that she comes to work every day earlier than anyone else. her early arrival makes him think she is extremely hard-working. other aspects of her work performance, like accuracy and meeting deadlines, are less than stellar. josh is making which error in perceptual judgment?
a. perceptual defense
b. projection
c. stereo-typing
d. the halo effect
e. figure-ground

The correct answer is D. The halo effect.

Explanation:

The halo effect is a cognitive bias and can be understood as the tendency that individuals have to evaluate other people based on general impressions.

For instance, James was introduced to Maria yesterday and he thought that she was beautiful. They didn't had the chance to talk very much but the general impression that James got from Maria was that she was very gorgeous. Today, James friend John asked him about his opinion of Maria and James said: She is very smart and she seems like a great friend!

James is experiencing the Halo Effect. He is making positive assumptions about Maria just because she looked pretty.

In this Particular case, Josh evaluates Kandi's performance and gives her an outstanding based on the knowledge that she comes to work every day earlier than anyone else. Her early arrival makes him think she is extremely hard-working. Josh error in perceptual judgment is D. The halo effect.

D. The halo effect

Explanation:

The halo effect is a cognitive bias in which we associate one good perception about someone as meaning that all is great about that person. If we have a good impression about someone we are likely to think that they are good in almost all parts of their lives.

For example if we think someone is nice we are likely to think they are clever too.

Just because someone has one single traits that stands out to us we consider them good in all other traits.

This is usually common with how we view famous people because they are usually made to look attractive and succesful in our eyes we are likely to think they are also kind hearted

When someone is too attractive we are likely to think about all good things and associate all of them with these people.

Josh sees Kadi coming early to work everyday and now she measure her performance as outstanding based on a mere fact that he assume her ability to arrive early means she is ahead working eventhough he has no proof of that Thai part.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.