A. arab muslims conquer spain
b. islam is founded by the prophet muhammad
c. charlemagne unifies much of western europe
d. christians conquer the city of jerusalem
e. battle of tours - muslim expansion into western europe is halted
f. muslims recapture the city of jerusalem
g. the byzantine empire founded by the roman emperor constantine
h. the first crusade begins

G – B – A – E – C – H – D - F

Explanation:

G - 330 CE – When the roman empire was moved to Byzantium.

B – 662 CE - Islam is founded by the prophet Muhammad .

A – 711 CE – They landed in Gibraltar.

E – 732 CE – The kingdom of the Franks defeated the Arabs and Berbers.

C – 799 CE – Charlemagne was made ‘Emperor of Romans’.

H – 1096 CE – It lasted fro three years.

D – 1099 CE – During the First Crusade.

F – 1187 CE – It was taken back by the army of Saladin

answer is b.shrapnel

c. reserves power to the states and people