The phrase "a thousand splendid suns," from the poem by saib-e-tabrizi, is quoted twice in the novel – once as laila’s family prepares to leave kabul, and again when she decides to return there from pakistan. it is also echoed in one of the final lines: "miriam is in laila’s own heart, where she shines with the bursting radiance of a thousand suns." discuss the thematic significance of this phrase.

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world war i had a devastating effect on german-americans and their cultural heritage. up until that point   german-americans, as a group, had been spared much of the discrimination, abuse, rejection, collective mistrust experienced by so many different racial and ethnic groups in the history of the united states. indeed, over the years, they had been viewed as a well integrated and esteemed part of american society. all of this change with the outbreak of war.  

answer; disconfirm the catharsis theory;