How might the geographic zones of africa have affected interaction
between people from the northeastern and northwestern parts of the
continent?

The Sahara Desert extends throughout practically all of North Africa, from the Western reaches near the Atlantic to the East and the Red Sea. It is distinct from Sub-Saharan Africa and Islamization has made North Africa more culturally like the Middle East and other Arab countries than Sub-Saharan Africa.

Explanation:

Ethnically and culturally the countries of North Africa share a history that makes them distinct from other countries on the African continent in Sub-Saharan African. The Northwest has been occupied by the Berbers for as long as there has been recorded history, and their lifestyle was traditionally semi-nomadic as they dealt with the desert landscapes. In the eastern part of North Africa was Egypt. Between 600 and 1000 AD, there was a wave of conquest by Arabic conquerors who were Islamic and Berbers and Egyptians were assimilated into Arabic and Muslim culture. Thus, this region of Africa has been defined by Islamization for centuries and this makes its cultural landscape distinct from Sub-Saharan Africa.

can you explain it better

even though you have attached neither the chart nor the generalizations, i have located them online. the right answer is d, since they are asking you about a generalization. you can only infer from the chart that between 2008 and 2009 the number of employed workers decreased significantly (from over 115 millions to 107 millions approximately), which signals some type of economic crisis.