Patterns by which racial inequality is structured through key cultural institutions, policies, and systems are referred to as

Answer is Institutional racism.

Explanation:

Institutional racism is a pattern, policy or practice within different institutions such as schools, banks and courts, which has been in existence overtime and has been considered as a normal behavior, to give negative treatment to a certain group of people based on some conditions, e.g color.

there is an explationation of this on a site called crash   course world history 1

john social contacted the noble of religous