Proper behavior for the in-group is often viewed as unacceptable behavior for the out-group. sociologist robert merton describes this process as the conversion of "in-group virtues" into

out-group vices

Explanation:

Robert Merton tried to explain the concept of in-group and out-group and provided definition of in-group as a group of people that consider themselves as special members with a certain level of cohesiveness and are generally accepted by people. Out-group on the other hand are people seen as different from the others, in a stereotyping sense. Members of the in-group always feel superior and better than the out-group members. Thus, proper behavior for the members in the in-group is viewed as unacceptable for those in out-group; a process in which in-group virtues become out-group vices.

classical republicanism, also known as civic humanism, is a form of republicanism  developed in the renaissance inspired by the governmental forms and writings of  classical  antiquity, especially such  classical  writers as aristotle, polybius, and cicero.

answer; having the power of reprieve means being able to release people from punishment;