in your college dorm, any time you take a shower, someone always flushes the toilet and causes the water in your shower to turn icy cold, making you cringe. after several episodes like this, you find that you tend to cringe whenever you hear a toilet flush, no matter where you are. in this example, what is the conditioned stimulate?
a) the cold water
b) the sound of the flushing
c) the cringing reaction
d) the sigh of a toilet

Suppose that a father is walking his young daughter to school when a driver of an automobile negligently runs off the road and onto the sidewalk, hitting the girl but not her father. the young girl dies from her injuries. the father suffers severe emotional distress by seeing his daughter die and manifests his distress by suffering physically. which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the father's right to sue and recover damages from the driver of the automobile? a. the father can sue and recover damages from the driver of the automobile for intentional infliction of emotional distress for the severe distress he suffered by seeing his daughter die. b. the father cannot sue the driver since tort law does not recognize strict liability for automobile accidents. c. the father cannot sue the driver since the driver did not intend to cause harm. d. the father can sue and recover damages from the driver of the automobile for negligent infliction of emotional distress for the severe distress he suffered by seeing his daughter die. e. the father cannot sue the driver since he did not suffer physical injury himself.