In a criminal court, the person or entity who has been formally accused of violating a criminal law is known as the .

defendant

Explanation:

There are two parties that are involved in the judgment of a person. The prosecutor and the defender. The prosecutor claims the defendant is responsible for violating a law. The defender aims to prove the innocence of the defendant.

According to the nature of crime, a jury may be appointed to give the verdict while in other cases the judge decides the verdict.

Hence, the statement is referring to defendant.

this is a pretty broad question and can be a pretty lengthy answer. since 1900, women have gained a lot more rights and have become active in the workforce. with women being in the workforce, men play a larger role in family life. many family tasks are shared between men and women, whereas, women used to be the sole family caretakers.

that should get you started at least.