In which case did the Court hold that the waiver proceeding is a critically important stage in the juvenile justice process and that juveniles must be afforded minimum requirements of due process of law at such proceedings?

In the Kent v. United States the Court hold that the waiver proceeding is a critically important stage in the juvenile justice process and that juveniles must be afforded minimum requirements of due process of law at such proceedings

A woman was robbed and raped in 1961 in Washington and it has been found that the culprit was a 16 year old boy Morris Kent. He was also having history of records when he was 14 years old for snatching purse and also burglaries. As he was under the juvenile court authority from his 14th year to his 16th year, now he was again accused for this crime.

Hence the judge of the Juvenile court felt that Morris can get better justice from the adult criminal court. The supreme court of U.S decided that the Juvenile offenders can be entitled to some amount of due process of law as adults while they were under the Juvenile courts jurisdiction under the  Kent v. United States.

they encountered severe weather for which they were poorly prepared.

no the answer is c only objects touching the earth's surface can be acted upon by an outside force