Joan's father has told her several times that she is a terrible student and will "never amount to anything." He dismisses any improvements in her grades as a "fluke" and has told her that she will be lucky to graduate from high school and had better be prepared for a job that does not require a college degree. Her father's comments cause Joan a great deal of anxiety and she has begun to believe that she will never be able to obtain her academic goals. Joan's father is demonstrating a form of aggression towards Joan. What kind of aggression is he demonstrating?