In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, unlike the law and order stage, in the instrumental exchange stage, . a. your primary concern will be to avoid trouble for yourself. b. you will stick to your principles even if your decision conflicts with the law. c. you are careful not to violate the rights of others. d. you worry less about punishment and more about doing things that directly advance your needs.

D. You worry less about punishment and more about doing things that directly advances your needs.

Explanation: According to kohlberg's stages of morality, both the law and order and instrumental exchange stages are at the preconventional level where a child's sense of morality is largely controlled by external factors such as obeying authorities and focusing on consequences of a certain action.

In the Law and order stage, children seem to abide by rules in other to avoid being punished. The forbiddance of an act is perceived through the punishment incurred.

However, in the instrumental exchange stage, individuals acts by what they stand to gain or achieve by performing certain actions. Here individuals tend to act in their own best interest rather than rules.

not  

cuba  

russia  

iraq  

el salvador  

explanation:

known as the land of volcanoes, el salvador has visit seismic tremors and volcanic movement. it is the main nation in central america that does not have a coastline on the caribbean sea. about portion of all salvadorans live in the wide open. they are poor and don't have power or running water in their homes. in 1525, pedro de alvarado, a lieutenant of cortés's, vanquished el salvador. el salvador, with alternate nations of central america, pronounced its freedom from spain on sept. 15, 1821, and was a piece of a league of central american states until the point when that association broke up in 1838.