The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various points around campus. Initially, the observers can't agree about what is dangerous behavior. Professor Ibrahim refines his codebooks to clearly define the rating scales and retrains the observers. What is he addressing by doing this?

Question options:

reactivity

selection bias

external validity

the reliability of the measurement

the reliability of the measurement

Explanation:

Good Observations are more reliable and valid. Professor Ibrahim's refinement to define rating scales and be sure observers(seeing how they disagree on their observations and how this could affect research) are following this ensures judgement based on data collected from these individuals(observers) are more reliable, which will ensure construct validity.

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